Potential for wind energy in India nearly 30 times higher than thought

Washington, Mar 22 (ANI): The potential for on-shore wind energy deployment in India is considerably higher than the official estimates- around 20 times and up to 30 times greater than the present government estimate of 102 gigawatts, according to a new study led by an Indian origin scientist.

This landmark finding by Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory may have significant impact on India's renewable energy strategy as it attempts to cope with a massive and chronic shortage of electricity.

"The main importance of this study, why it's groundbreaking, is that wind is one of the most cost-effective and mature renewable energy sources commercially available in India, with an installed capacity of 15 GW and rising rapidly," said Berkeley Lab scientist Amol Phadke, the lead author of the report.

"The cost of wind power is now comparable to that from imported coal and natural gas-based plants, and wind can play a significant role in cost effectively addressing energy security and environmental concerns."

More than 95 percent of the wind potential is concentrated in five states in southern and western India.

Even if the previously estimated potential of 102 GW is fully developed, wind would provide only about 8 percent of the projected electricity demand in 2022 and 5 percent in 2032.

The new Berkeley Lab study has found the total techno-economic wind potential to range from 2,006 GW for 80-meter hub heights (an indication of how high the wind turbine stands above the ground) to 3,121 GW for 120-meter hub heights.

Given these new estimates, the availability of wind energy can no longer be considered a constraint for wind to play a major role in India's electricity future.

Phadke and his team have been discussing their findings informally and formally with several key government agencies in India and have gotten positive responses.

"The key agency in charge, the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE), has now signed a Memorandum of Understanding with Berkeley Lab to collaborate on several issues related to potential estimates and wind energy integration," said Jayant Sathaye, who leads the International Energy Studies Group at Berkeley Lab.

Ranjit Bharvirkar, a senior consultant at Itron Inc. and one of the other authors of the study, said part of the motivation for reassessing India's wind potential came from recent reassessments of wind potential in the United States and China.

Both found substantial increases over the previous assessments-a ten-fold jump in China and a 50 percent increase in capacity in the United States and 400 percent by energy.

Improved wind technology, including higher efficiency and hub heights, accounted for much of the increase along with more advanced mapping techniques.

The previous wind potential estimate in India of 102 GW is based on the assumption that only two percent of the windy land is available for wind power development.

However, this assumption is not based on any assessment of land availability.

The Berkeley Lab study undertook a systematic assessment of the availability of land using publicly available GIS (geographic information system) data on topography and land use and found a significantly higher availability of land that can potentially be used for wind power development, which is the primary reason for the higher potential estimates.

The study excluded land with low-quality wind, slopes greater than 20 degrees, elevation greater than 1,500 meters and certain other unsuitable areas such as forests, bodies of water and cities.

The researchers obtained off-the-shelf wind speed data for heights of 80 meters, 100 meters and 120 meters from 3TIER. (ANI)